Browsing by Author "Balaji, C. P."

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Numerical simulation of NOx & soot emissions of single cylinder diesel engine with EGR modified to run on CRDI for high pressure split injections
(International Journal Of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), 2021-05) Balaji, C. P.; Murthy, Y. V. V. Satyanarayana.; Ghosh, Surajit.; Chaitanya, N. S. C.
High pressure split injection with advanced fuel injection strategies is one of the prominent techniques for controlling the emissions NOx and Soot released from diesel engines however Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is one of the significant methods to control the engine emissions but research is limited for high pressure fuel injection technique. Various injection strategies like advanced and retarded injection angles are well known but proper published results for high pressure fuel injection is not available. At the same time these advanced injection strategies can control the injection pressure and fuel injection duration angle but nozzle orientation is fixed and cannot be changed frequently due to the manufacturing limits. Also, the choice of the fuel injection angles is trial based and hence accurate prediction of the engine performance is very much limited. To overcome this draw back numerical simulations using converge CFD software is performed for single cylinder diesel engine for EGR flow rates ranging from 0-15% on mass basis for 250bar injection pressure. The simulation results show that that 5% EGR flow rate for -11deg @250 bar fuel injection angle at injection pressure is effective in reducing the NOx and Soot emissions efficiently when the engine run on ULSD diesel fuel with cooled EGR.
Reduction of engine emission into the environment through effective operation of catalytic converter in proportion with pollutant
(SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS / SPECIAL EDUCATION, 2022) Aravind, D.; Ganesh Ram, V.; Thangalakshmi, S.; Balaji, C. P.
The discharge of harmful impurities put into air which creates unwanted effects to the environments and people. Inadequate engine combustion is one of the causes for air pollution with the emission of CO, HC, NOx, SOx soon. Whenever there is an incomplete combustion takes place huge volume of CO gas is released. If the fuel includes a high Sulphur concentration, the Sulphur in the petroleum combines with the oxygen during the combustion process and releases SO2. The unburnt hydrocarbon is due to incomplete combustion and NOx (Oxides of Nitrogen) are leads to the formation of uninflamed gas in the exhaust with nitrogen. Hence, rigid norms of effluence emissions are enforced as safety measures which has made exhaust gas aftertreatment systems important. In order to reduce the engineemission, the current method is the use of catalytic converter. This paper discusses an effective system for improving presentation of the catalytic converter by using an embedded controller in proportion with emission.
SBR Sewage treatment plant automation using PLC and SCADA
(Advanced Engineering Science, 2022-10) Aravind, D.; Ganesh Ram, V.; Thangalakshmi, S.; Balaji, C. P.; Govindarajan, Rajendran.; Rajkumar, Perumal.
Today's never-ending industrial expansion and the sharp rise in urban pollution have led to environmental and water contamination. The industrial sewage water gets mixed with streams, ocean and ponds etc. that causes several ailments in living things. Proper treatment of sewage can prevent these problems. Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from industrial/domestic wastewater. Physical process (such as filtration, sedimentation and distillation), chemical processes (such as flocculation and chlorination) and biological process (slow sand filters or biologically active carbon) are used to remove contaminants so that water becomes safe enough to get released into the environment. By using these sewage processes we can not only avoid the diseases but also we can recycle the industry wastewater (sewage process) for further uses (garden, car cleaning, etc.). There are conventional methods for sewage treatment, which occupies more spaces as well as involve higher constructive cost. The activated sludge process is modified by the "fill and draw" Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The complete treatment procedure takes place in one tank as opposed to separate tanks for each process. The benefits include less expensive plant construction due to tank reduction and smaller footprint compared to alternative treatment options. This paper aims to monitor and automate various stages of sewage treatment carried through sequencing batch reactor. In general, industrial automation refers to the use of technology for process control in a variety of operations, including chemical and petrochemical, power, iron, and steel, food and beverage, waste water treatment, and other plants. One of the main needs that reduces the need for labour is plant automation. Currently, SCADA systems and programmable logic controllers are widely employed in industry. In order to improve the efficiency of the sewage treatment process, the application of PLC is investigated in this study.