Journal Articles

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.Microstructure

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    Aluminium nanocomposites developed by additive manufacturing for use in automobile applications: advances and approaches /
    (Bentham Science Publishers, 2024-05-09) Shukla, Amarish Kumar
    Aluminium has a lightweight (density is 2.7 g/cm3 ), high specific strength, and excellent wear and corrosion resistance properties. Due to these properties, aluminium and its alloys are the most commonly used for structural, automobile, and aerospace applications. However, these monolithic materials have poor mechanical properties which are significant barriers to their further development. The resulting materials, when reinforced with ceramic particles, enhance the properties of materials and are capable of meeting the majority of industrial requirements. The reinforcement of ceramic affects the properties of developed composites. The composite fabricated by the conventional process has a limitation to the segregation of reinforced ceramic particles, porosity, weak interfacial bonding, and lower strength. Besides, additive manufacturing (AM) provides design freedom and dense and high-strength components. In the present study, advances in aluminium nanocomposite developed by laser powder bed fusion processes have been studied in detail. In addition, the objective of this chapter is to focus on the fabrication routes, formation mechanisms, effect of process parameters and its effect on laser absorption, grain refinement, interfacial bonding and mechanical properties of aluminium nanocomposite discussed in detail. The future scope of laser-processed aluminium composite is also briefly discussed.
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    Development of wire arc additive manufactured Cu-Si alloy: study of microstructure and wear behavior
    (Springer Nature, 2023-02-21) Kazmi, Kashif Hasan; Sharma, Sumit K.; Das, Alok Kumar; Mandal, Amitava; Shukla, Amarish Kumar
    Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an approach to develop unique and sophisticated design products in comparison to other traditional techniques. In the present study, the components of Cu-Si alloy have been developed using WAAM with a robotic gas metal arc welding technique. In this process, the current and voltage varied from 70 to 110 A and 17 to 19 V, respectively. The effect of process parameters on the microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior of components have been studied in details. The results show that the surface roughness of the components reduced with the increase in current and voltage. The microstructure of the uppermost surface of WAAM components shows columnar followed by dendritic with equiaxed morphology. The process parameter also affects the mechanical and wear resistance properties of WAAM components. The results show that the microhardness (from 100.03 to 160.03 HV) and wear resistance of the Cu-Si alloy component increase with the increases in current and voltage.
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    Processing techniques, microstructural and mechanical properties of additive manufactured 316L stainless steel: Review
    (Springer Nature, 2023-06-07) Sharma, Sumit K.; Singh, Abhinav Kumar; Mishra, Rohit Kumar; Shukla, Amarish Kumar; Sharma, Chaitanya
    The 316L stainless steel owing to its good combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, fabricability, and weldability finds applications in pharmaceutical, food, and other industries where high corrosion resistance is of prime importance. Nowadays, this alloy is finding increasing favor to produce orthopedic implants using modern techniques like additive manufacturing. In the past, several manufacturing methods have been widely used in the field of aerospace, naval, automobile, biomedical, and other industrial sectors. Traditional methods of manufacturing are the most adaptable and cost-effective of all the processes that have been developed; however, these techniques have limitations to manufacturing complicated design and waste management. In recent years, the additive manufacturing technique is widely used in handling complicated geometrical structures. Additive manufacturing technology has seen a major transformation in the manufacturing world as a result of recent technological advancements. In additive manufacturing, the development process began with polymers, progressed to composites, and finally to nanocomposites. Additive manufacturing offers a small waste production management solution with improved procedures. Additive manufacturing outperforms conventional methods to fabricate high-quality and intricate stainless steel, difficult-to-develop machine components. This paper aims to discuss the principal of various traditional and additive manufacturing techniques used for creating many grades of stainless steel. Consequently, the microstructural and mechanical properties of steels have been examined and compared for various applications, like orthopedic implants, and other engineering applications.
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    Wire arc additive manufacturing of ER-4043 aluminum alloy: evaluation of bead profile, microstructure, and wear behaviour
    (Springer Nature, 2023-07-13) Kazmi, Kashif Hasan; Das, Alok Kumar; Sharma, Sumit K.; Mandal, Amitava; Shukla, Amarish Kumar
    Wire arc additive manufacturing technique has a major transformation in metal manufacturing as a result of recent technological advancements. The present study is aimed at the deposition of the defects-free bead of ER-4043 aluminum alloy (aluminum–silicon alloy) by using wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) with robotic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with varying current and tool speeds. The arc served as the heat source, and a 1.2-mm diameter of ER-4043 aluminum alloy wire was used as the raw material during bead deposition. The cross-section profile of the single bead in WAAM is essential for determining surface quality and dimensional accuracy. The cross-section profile of each bead was measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) by taking multiple points on the surface of each bead. Points taken from each bead are fitted with Gaussian, logistic, parabola, and sine functions using the least square regression analysis to determine the geometry of the single bead. Moreover, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposited bead were investigated on selected parameters with a constant tool speed of 10 mm/s, varying heat input in terms of current from 153 A, 202 A, and 246 A of specimens A, B, and C, respectively. The detailed study shows the understanding of the effect of variation of current on the surface morphology, microstructure, hardness, and wear behavior of deposited beads.