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    Linking Leadership Integrity - Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DAS) among Sailing Indian Marine Engineers During Covid-19
    (Barcelona School of Nautical Studies, Barcelona, 2024-06-05) Mitra, Toorban; Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan
    Modern-day leadership demands competencies to embrace challenges and uncertainties as a part of a working career. Uncertainties bring in many unknown outcomes and a loss of direction to any team. This is much acknowledged when the unknown outcomes are affecting the team spirit and, in turn, organisational sustainability. Leadership integrity is a watershed to handle such uncertainties with positive outcomes. Like in any other business domain, uncertainties are part of the business in shipping. However, there are specific instances in the nature of COVID-19 that came with many challenges, like extended work contracts, no shore leaves, infrequent crew change, quarantine rules before sign-in, online surveys, etc. Such an uncertain and challenging work environment on board a ship (which itself is an organisation) results in anxiety, stress and depression. In this context, leadership integrity provides much-needed direction and can create a healthy work environment in any organisation. It is in this context that this paper tries to measure this hypothesis in an explorative study, particularly among active marine engineers who worked on board ships during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such knowledge facilitates the understanding of organisational behaviour during challenging times and provides a timely prescription for organisational success during uncertainties and challenging times with much significant focus on the integrity of leaders.
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    Linking Personality Traits with Entrepreneurial Attitude with Mediation of Entrepreneurial Alertness: An Explorative Study on Indian Marine Engineers
    (Journal of Maritime Research, 2023-09-16) Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan; Mitra, Toorban
    On the discourse of virtues of entrepreneurship to economic development, a spate of scientific evidence illuminates the mediation effect of entrepreneurial alertness on the linkage between personality traits, and entrepreneurial attitude carried out among university students, and many of the studies are Western oriented. Also, the scanty nature of such studies on the Indian maritime sector calls for an explorative intervention to identify such mediation effects. Using standard questionnaires for measuring personality traits, entrepreneurial attitude and alertness, this study uses convenience sampling to gather evidence from active Indian marine engineers to establish linkages among such attributes. The basis of research anxiety is due to a lack of formal ways to channelise the entrepreneurial attitude among Indian marine engineers. This study calls for arenas of re-conceptualising policy interventions to formalise investment opportunities for marine engineers and thus contribute to higher growth rates of the blue economy of India.
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    Logistics performance as facilitator to trade performance: An Indian perspective
    (The International Maritime Transport and Logistics Conference "MARLOG 13", 2024-03-03) Dasgupta, Mrinal Kumar; Mitra, Toorban; Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan
    With the growing realisation of the importance of global integration in the production and consumption value chain, the importance of maritime logistics and transportation facilitating international trade is profoundly recognised. Further, a proliferation of collaborative trade agreements among different trade partners is ascribed to play a significant role. However, such external dynamics and engagements in international trade would propel blue economic growth if backed by strong maritime logistics initiatives and establishment. In this context, deep routed challenges, particularly in the domestic maritime logistics sector in manufacturing hubs like India, could potentially hamper her comparative advantages in international trade. It is in this context that this paper comes as an intercession by analysing India’s Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and its impact on trade performance. Also, this paper provides a comparative analysis of India’s LPI with that of other trade competitors from South and East Asia and tries to find out challenging areas of maritime logistics for India and suggest the required policy prescription thereof. Such acknowledgement is a compulsion for a country like India when escalated uncertainties due to episodes of COVID-19, the Russia-Ukraine War, and dips in the business cycles of many countries that demanded green and resilient supply chain and logistics practices. The paper prescribes that domestic reforms to ease out challenges in Indian maritime logistics coupled with external engagements would provide a flat form for India to reap the optimal gains from international trade.
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    Measurement of stress among marine engineers: a methodological intervention
    (The International Maritime Transport and Logistics Journal, 2022) Mitra, Toorban; Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan
    Stress measurement has been an issue on the backburner for maritime sector. In this sector, job related stress has been considered as a way of life. With the onset of pandemic, understanding stress and its management on board ships has become a challenge and of paramount significance to seafarers and shipping companies. Extended contracts of employment, constraints on ships, work fatigue, away from family have all highlighted the need for scientific research on understanding stress on board ships, particularly during challenging times. Most of the studies on stress management and measurement among seafarers employ generalized stress management techniques which do not illuminate sector specific stressors, particularly during uncertain times like Covid-19, let along illuminating general job related stressors. Lack of scientific understanding of stress and stressors in maritime sector adds on to this challenge and thus calls for a sector specific methodological intervention to understanding of stress and stressors among seafarers. In this backdrop, based on previous evidences and discussion with seafarers, a methodology is developed to use a structured questionnaire covering stressors like job itself, company policies, planning activities, away from family, cultural differences and lack of socialization. Since pandemic posed dynamic constraints in the maritime ecosystem, such a structured questionnaire would help in understanding stress and stressor among marine engineers during Covid-19 and facilitate in the development of appropriate stress management strategies by firms in maritime sector. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire has been checked
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    Outsourcing of logistics and global competitiveness: a case study on Jawaharlal Nehru port trust
    (MARINCO 2019, Indian Maritime University, Chennai, 2019-11-04) Mitra, T; Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan
    With the emergence of global competitiveness in port sector, it is imperative that a port is not just operational but also effective in its service provision. Logistics performance, ceteris peribus, stimulates this effectiveness of a port significantly in terms of its performance. In this context it is illuminated that outsourcing of logistic activities and competitiveness of a port are co-habitants. In view of the present background set, the present study makes an intervention to explore performance of various outsourced stakeholders involved in logistic service provision for Jawharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) which may include service provision of various Container Freight Stations (CFS), Inland Container Depots (ICD) and Logistic Operators under JNPT. Using secondary data collected from various stake holders to establish standard port operation indicators, this paper makes an endeavor to measure the comparative performance of each of these stakeholders which in turn would facilitate their respective macro operational impact on the effectiveness of JNPT to face growing global competitiveness in the coming times. As a follow up, strategic options are suggested for improvement and retention of competitive performance of outsourced stakeholders involved in logistics service provisions in JNPT’s operations.
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    Is outsourcing the Panacea? a discourse on the sustainability of Indian ports a case of Jawaharlal Nehru port trust
    (International Association of Maritime Universities, Alexandria, Egypt, 2021-10-27) Mitra, T; Pattanaik, Krushna Mohan
    The discourse on sustainable transportation illuminates the fact that port competitiveness and efficiency gains are two major pillars of blue economy in a world which is much integrated than in the past. However, most literature on port efficiency measurement undermine the very eco system of a port. Port eco system is complex interconnected web of network which requires collaborative involvement of spate of stakeholders such as CFS, Agents, ICDs, Transportation companies, to mention a few. Understanding such network and their holistic potential impact on the efficiency of port performance is scarcely addressed in the context of larger dialogue on port efficiency. Such an analysis is paramount when deeper levels of economic integration and spatially competitive ports are considered to be co joint twins. Further, efficiency gains of ports have received much academic attention in view of total quality management which focuses on customer delight and thus customer retention. It is this regard; the present paper tries to make an infant endeavour in terms of measuring terminal efficiency with respect to the turnaround time which would include export cycle time and import cycle time of CFS (a potential outsourcing activity of a port). Such a step in efficiency measurement of ports is scanty in Indian scenario. A case of Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust is referred as a case in point.