Research Publications
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Item Real time implementation of home energy management(Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 2023) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.Automation is the key word in every industry. Automation is essential to obtain the desired response much faster than the conventional methodologies. It ensures efficiency and increase in production and reduces human errors. The optimal goal of this project is to obtain a bi directional data communication by using the existing power lines. Here the energy consumed by the user is continuously measured and updated. At the end of the billing period, it can be received by the electricity board office on request. A processor IC senses the energy consumed, produces a digital pulse accordingly and displays the amount of energy consumed. These pulses are suitably modulated by the MODEM and superimposed along with the same power line. These pulses are alone retrieved at the electricity board’s office by the other MODEM and stored in the PC database. The tariffs are calculated based upon the slabs fed in the PC and sent through the modem which is received by the other modem. The LCD provided displays the number of units consumed and the cost. In this project, along with the automatic meter reading two more important things are implemented, they are power on demand and prepaid system with recharging facility.Item Prevalent glitches in generation of solar power using PV panels - An Indian scenario(Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 2020) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.; Sathiyasekar, K.; Preetha, M.There is a promising opportunity for the sustainable growth of solar power is in our nation. The distinctive energy from sun received by the earth for one year is only about five thousand trillion kilowatt-hour. It is perceived that mainstream of those areas get 4-7 kWh/m2 for every 24 hours. The accessible solar energy can be pragmatically used to warm system/space heating and even to structure electrical energy by means of solar-thermal and solar-photovoltaics. Besides, there is a massive prospective to proliferate the photovoltaic power in our country. The admiring quality of solar is that it can as well be manufactured as distributed power, which agrees for adding on to the standing capacity within a short extent of time. Electrifying the rural regions can be well implemented via solar distributed power and it is applied for heating and cooling of villages, communities, townships and metropolitan areas in addition to the supply of electricity. The solar is ultimately safer than other modes of generating electrical power. Rather, even a tiny portion of collected solar energy may feasibly oblige the needs of the entire nation though it allude to concrete intricacies. Thermal power manufacturing is widely applied in the present-day Indian condition using coal as base material because of its economic aspects. By the long-term and persistent research work and introduction of new-fangled skills, solar energy can be produced at considerably minimum cost. This paper projects the principal challenges/barricades in attaining solar power in India, predominantly through photovoltaics, which could help as a valuable guidance for the solar engineers and lay concrete on the way of fetching the solar electric power and other applications appropriately.Item Effect of panel materials on the performance of solar cells(Palarch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 2020) Thangalakshmi, S.; Ganesh Ram, V.; Sivasami, K.; Sathiyasekar, K.Electrical energy has become part and parcel of our life as all the domestic modern appliances use electricity because of its cleanliness, availability and ease of control. Also, conservation of such energy is paramount not only on economic aspect but also to extend the life of resources for further use. Presently, most of the electricity is generated using power generating plants that use coal as fuel. In addition to produce energy, they do contaminate the environs by discharging flue gases chiefly carbon dioxide. The extent of carbon dioxide discharged into the air as an end result of actions of a specific individual, group or public is referred as carbon footprint and globally there is a call for reducing this carbon foot print to curtail its unfavorableimpacts on the society. Hence, though there are other resources like oil and gases are available for producing electrical energy, they do have the same effect. They are unsustainable. More than conserving the energy, it is highly needed to use renewable and sustainable energies to produce electricity. The cheap, clean and available renewable energy is solar energy. Photovoltaics (PV) is a guileless and smart method of hitching the solar energy. PV cells/solar cells are exclusive in that they reliably deliver electricity through the solar radiation hitting them. All the solar radiation falling on a PV cell or panel is not completely converted as electrical energy but it is decided by the materials used for PV cells. There are various other factors that judge the outcome of a solar panel namely, the temperature, solar irradiance, fill factor etc. The aim of this study is to explore and relate the various materials used for PV panels based on their properties and other significant factors. This will serve as a guide for researchers for choosing a proper material for a particular application.Item Climate change over south indian coast due to aerosol and air pollution(International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2022-06) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.The two most serious dangers to nearly 60 percent of the world's population living in Asian monsoon zones are the growing severity of droughts/floods and decreasing air quality from increased aerosols. These simultaneous challenges have driven a huge amount of study on the effects of aerosols in influencing Asian monsoon weather and climate during the last decade. An aerosol is a colloid of small solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in air or another gas. The excess volume of aerosol in a certain place will have an impact on the health of living organisms as well as the regional climate. The Asian monsoon area is a major source of aerosol emissions from both man - made and natural sources. Aerosol loading patterns are extensively controlled by diverse meteorological and climatic regimens, which in turn are modified by aerosol impacts. Shipping emissions have garnered attention due to their harmful impact on regional climate and air quality at ports and along coasts across the world. As a result, recognising the aerosol in a certain place is critical. CO2, NOX, and SOX emissions from air pollution cause cloudiness and accelerate climate effect 'Radiative Forcing' (RF). Positive RF causes heat, while negative RF causes cooling. These also have an indirect influence on weather due to the Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) ability of clouds, which has a significant impact of gases and particles. An increase in Sulphur may result in a decrease in Negative RF. Several techniques are applied to assess the range of aerosols, such as LIDAR, photometers, particle analysing methods, and so on; in this case, we utilise a particulate analyser to determine the amount of aerosol. To find out, we maintained the particle counter and analyser on the ship's top deck and examined the aerosol concentration over the atmosphere of the south Indian coast.Item Fuzzy logic control for speed control of three phase induction motor with variable frequency drive in marine applications(International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods, 2021-12) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.Marine electric propulsion systems typically include variable-speed electric propulsion motors with propellers that employ a variety of converter control techniques. The precise management of the rotational speed of a three-phase induction motor is crucial in finding the best speed for the navigation environment. This work examines currently existing propulsion drive system control techniques and implements Fuzzy Logic Control for three phase induction motor speed control with variable speed drive having minimum harmonic and effective output. The entire set-up is simulated and analysed in MATLAB. To limit the harmonics, appropriate filters are utilised, and the total harmonic distortion factor is used as a metric to quantify the harmonics.Item Hongkong convention: impact on environment due to refrigeration waste in ship recycling: an Indian perspective(Interdisciplinary Research in Technology and Management, 2021-09) Das, Krishnendu.; Sivasami, K.; Thangalakshmi, S.; Das, N.Considering strict environmental concerns and compliances to protect our Globe, sustainable developments in maritime domains comprises of ship building process, transport by shipping and ship recycling process. All three phases having concerns to environmental impacts, but evidence of the impacts of present ship recycling process undermines the Maritime Education’s contribution to sustainable development. Ship breaking process includes complete scrapping or partially dismantling of vessels. At the yard, various parts, equipment, hull sections, superstructure materials, pipes, gears etc. are segregated after dismantling. These segregated scraps are recycled and re-use in various industry which is the most important business for ship breaking industry. About 85% ship recycling of the globe are mainly in Bangladesh, India, China and Pakistan, where environmental impacts and health hazards are serious concerns same mentioned by Vally Athanasopoulou. In India, ship recycling process from long time is following in primitive way which is unsafe and has tremendous health hazards.Item Machine learning methods for marine systems(IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.Automation plays a key role in shipping industry and aims towards minimal operating staff. However, the effective automation relies on effective controlling at various levels starting from shipbuilding to navigation. The industry is currently focussing on autonomous shipping which actually requires precise controlling. Although many conventional methods are available for control and automation with regard to automation, Artificial Intelligence Schemes (AIS) are widely attracting the maritime sector because of their benefits. The AIS along with fuzzy logic systems are offering promising results. The emerging use of AIS in a variety of maritime applications can act as a reference wpoint for new researchers. This paper aims to conduct a valid AIS study and to examine the various machine learning approaches used in various maritime applications. It is possible to achieve complete automation in the shipping industry by implementing a related technique.Item Proceedings of national conference on energy, environment and sustainable shipping(Indian Maritime University, Chennai Campus in association with Institute of Marine Engineers (India), 2020-12) Sivasami, K.; Thangalakshmi, S.Item Waste-to-energy: a promising maritime transport technology(International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies, 2022-05) Thangalakshmi, S.; Sivasami, K.Everything in the world, including the shipping industry, is powered by energy. There are numerous advanced energy-generation strategies, but it would be greatly valued if energy could be consistently derived from ship waste. Waste disposal is a difficult task in the shipping industry, so many studies are being conducted to find better ways to dispose of waste. According to regulatory agencies, India has a large source of both industrial and urban organic waste. The shipping industry, like any other, necessitates massive amounts of energy. On a daily basis, a massive amount of waste is generated, ranging from small crafts to ultra-large vessels (aerobic as well as anaerobic). So, there is a significant opportunity for capturing the energy from this waste, and both the difficulty of waste disposal and the depletion of conventional energy sources can be effectively addressed concurrently. This paper examines various means of generating energy from waste. Furthermore, the current state of Waste-to-Energy (WTE) in our country and around the world is discussed. Motivation/Background: There is a perennial need for energy in all industry. This energy is pivotal in marine sector. There is huge amount of waste disposal into sea and IMO is keen on pollution control and de-carbonization. So, converting the waste serves two purposes viz. pollution control and green energy generation. Method: Various techniques for generating energy from waste had been discussed. Results: Waste-To-Energy is still a relatively unexplored technology in the shipping industry. Large cruise ships generate massive quantities of waste. This in and of itself represents a large avenue for WTE as a source of renewable energy on board ships. There are very few manufacturers venturing into the WTE segment to create power from ship waste. Scan ship, a Norwegian ship waste management system manufacturer, has established a system that uses microwave-assisted pyrolysis to transform carbon-based waste generated on ships into biofuels. Conclusions: WTE is also a relatively new concept in the shipping industry. Countries such as Norway, which is successfully operating WTE plants on land, are progressively migrating the technology and paving the way for others. More initiatives like these can radically decrease the amount of waste that ships discharge into the sea, resulting in a more comprehensive ecosystem for all life forms.