A study on impact of port congestion on India's supply chain

Abstract

This study explores the impact of port congestion on the efficiency of India’s supply chain, with a focus on major ports such as JNPT (Mumbai), Chennai, and Kolkata. Given that over 90% of India's trade by volume moves through ports, congestion leads to delays, increased logistics costs, and reduced service reliability. The objective of this research is to identify the key causes of congestion, assess its effects on supply chain components (such as lead time, cost, and service levels), and evaluate the effectiveness of current infrastructure and government initiatives.